The old South Africa boasted a high standard of classical ballet but the Johannesburg company (PACT) followed British culture slavishly, a sort of ‘Royal Ballet in the sun’, but now in a period of cultural transition, contemporary dance, that does not carry the colonial baggage of ballet, is taking centre stage.

This is also the result of underfunding, lack of regular and affordable training but, most importantly, contemporary dance is a more suitable vehicle for choreographers to explore social issues.

The themes of new choreographies ranged from serious social issues like xenophobia and homelessness to works of sheer entertainment. Here the fusion of street dance, qwela township rhythms and pantsula danced in mineworkers’ gumboots was creating a whole new African dance tradition. The buzz from dozens of enthusiastic dancers, sorting costume bits, rehearsing in odd corners or conducting post-mortems in the sunshine outside, was simply tremendous.

In Exit/Exists Gregory Maqoma tells the story of his tribal inheritance how his ancestor, the Xhosa Chief Maqoma, had fought the British to defend his land and cattle. It opens with Maqoma writhing as though to escape from his body, the movements evolve and take on traditional rhythms as he searches for his indigenous soul finally stripping down to African dress.

In a series of striking images; a shower of salt or traceries of sand in floor patterns, dramatically lit and accompanied by a thrilling a cappella quartet, he follows the warrior leader to his exile and ultimate death on Robben Island in 1873.

Conversely Nelisiwe Xaba, an engaging performer, brings the traditional into the present in Uncles and Aunts, working with video artist Mocke J van Veuren who creates an ensemble of images to accompany her solo performance.

Xaba tackles head-on the serious issue of exploitation of young girls, taking an ironic look at the Reed dance a pre-marriage ritual for girls that has been exploited both by the tourist trade and by tribal leaders. Her choreography and the videos effectively run the gamut from excited twitter on mobile phones between the girls as they present themselves for selection, to the gross humiliation of virginity testing.